{"id":16793,"date":"2018-12-20T12:40:49","date_gmt":"2018-12-20T12:40:49","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/volcanx.cluster031.hosting.ovh.net\/la-fertilidad-de-los-volcanes\/"},"modified":"2021-09-16T10:15:17","modified_gmt":"2021-09-16T08:15:17","slug":"la-fertilidad-de-los-volcanes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/volcanofoundation.org\/fr\/la-fertilidad-de-los-volcanes\/","title":{"rendered":"LA FERTILIT\u00c9 DES VOLCANS"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"av_section_1\" class=\"avia-section av-jpmm5s20-82ec3d693f0b16c81d7afad94dd10a9d main_color avia-section-default avia-no-border-styling  avia-builder-el-0  el_before_av_one_full  avia-builder-el-first  avia-full-stretch av-parallax-section avia-bg-style-parallax av-section-color-overlay-active av-minimum-height av-minimum-height-50 av-height-50  container_wrap fullsize\" data-section-bg-repeat=\"stretch\" data-av_minimum_height_pc=\"50\" data-av_min_height_opt=\"50\"><div class=\"av-parallax\" data-avia-parallax-ratio=\"0.3\"><div class=\"av-parallax-inner main_color avia-full-stretch\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"av-section-color-overlay-wrap\"><div class=\"av-section-color-overlay\"><\/div><div class=\"container av-section-cont-open\"><main role=\"main\" itemprop=\"mainContentOfPage\" class=\"template-page content  av-content-full alpha units\"><div class=\"post-entry post-entry-type-page post-entry-16793\"><div class=\"entry-content-wrapper clearfix\">\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-4lysb-e2a4178e7414917cbfc41c7bd96620ba\">\n.flex_column.av-4lysb-e2a4178e7414917cbfc41c7bd96620ba{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div class=\"flex_column av-4lysb-e2a4178e7414917cbfc41c7bd96620ba av_one_full  avia-builder-el-1  avia-builder-el-no-sibling  first flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding  \"><style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-jqxnq51k-f7f319b69128f76f2d933393ff91f8fb\">\n#top .av-special-heading.av-jqxnq51k-f7f319b69128f76f2d933393ff91f8fb{\npadding-bottom:10px;\ncolor:#000000;\nfont-size:4vw;\n}\nbody .av-special-heading.av-jqxnq51k-f7f319b69128f76f2d933393ff91f8fb .av-special-heading-tag .heading-char{\nfont-size:25px;\n}\n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-jqxnq51k-f7f319b69128f76f2d933393ff91f8fb .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:4vw;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-jqxnq51k-f7f319b69128f76f2d933393ff91f8fb .special-heading-inner-border{\nborder-color:#000000;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-jqxnq51k-f7f319b69128f76f2d933393ff91f8fb .av-subheading{\nfont-size:30px;\n}\n\n@media only screen and (min-width: 480px) and (max-width: 767px){ \n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-jqxnq51k-f7f319b69128f76f2d933393ff91f8fb .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:0.8em;\n}\n}\n\n@media only screen and (max-width: 479px){ \n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-jqxnq51k-f7f319b69128f76f2d933393ff91f8fb .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:0.8em;\n}\n}\n<\/style>\n<div class=\"av-special-heading av-jqxnq51k-f7f319b69128f76f2d933393ff91f8fb av-special-heading-h1 custom-color-heading blockquote modern-quote modern-centered  avia-builder-el-2  avia-builder-el-no-sibling  av-inherit-size av-linked-heading\"><h1 class=\"av-special-heading-tag \" itemprop=\"headline\">LA FERTILIT&Eacute; DES VOLCANS<\/h1><div class=\"special-heading-border\"><div class=\"special-heading-inner-border\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/main><!-- close content main element --><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"after_section_1\" class=\"main_color av_default_container_wrap container_wrap fullsize\"><div class=\"container av-section-cont-open\"><div class=\"template-page content  av-content-full alpha units\"><div class=\"post-entry post-entry-type-page post-entry-16793\"><div class=\"entry-content-wrapper clearfix\">\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-rb2oj-eec70bfdf6e487bd03455fa6d9af795c\">\n.flex_column.av-rb2oj-eec70bfdf6e487bd03455fa6d9af795c{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div class=\"flex_column av-rb2oj-eec70bfdf6e487bd03455fa6d9af795c av_one_full  avia-builder-el-3  el_after_av_section  el_before_av_one_third  avia-builder-el-first  first flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding  \"><section class=\"av_textblock_section av-n449n-09a6194f1e6fd0d47dea222c3da43d11 \" itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\"><div class=\"avia_textblock\" itemprop=\"text\"><p>Les volcans repr&eacute;sentent un danger pour les habitants des environs, mais ils peuvent &eacute;galement constituer une m&eacute;thode de subsistance.<\/p>\n<p>Les volcans fournissent de la fertilit&eacute; aux champs ainsi que des mat&eacute;riaux de construction et de la technologie.<\/p>\n<p>Dans le domaine de l&rsquo;agriculture, les cendres contiennent des <strong>nutriments qui transforment le sol en lieux fertiles<\/strong>. Cela est bien connu des agriculteurs des pentes du V&eacute;suve, face &agrave; la baie de Naples, o&ugrave; ils peuvent pr&eacute;tendre avoir les meilleures tomates du monde.<\/p>\n<p>Mais dans des zones moins exploit&eacute;es commercialement comme l&rsquo;Italie, on trouve des plantations de caf&eacute; ou de cacao, des graines et des l&eacute;gumineuses au Costa Rica, au Guatemala, en Colombie, au Mexique et dans d&rsquo;autres r&eacute;gions d&rsquo;Am&eacute;rique du Sud, avec des productions &eacute;tonnantes par leur qualit&eacute; et leur go&ucirc;t.<\/p>\n<p>L&rsquo;un des projets de la fondation est de promouvoir l&rsquo;agriculture volcanique tant en Am&eacute;rique du Sud qu&rsquo;en Afrique, cette derni&egrave;re &eacute;tant dans une situation encore plus critique.<\/p>\n<p>Sur le plan mat&eacute;riel, les volcans fournissent des &eacute;l&eacute;ments tr&egrave;s utiles comme la <strong>pierre <a class=\"glossaryLink\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;PONCE&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;&Eacute;jectas volcaniques tr&egrave;s v&eacute;siculaires, g&eacute;n&eacute;ralement de composition silicique. C&amp;#039;est essentiellement du magma qui a &eacute;t&eacute; mousseux en s&amp;#039;&eacute;chappant des gaz, puis refroidi et solidifi&eacute; lors de l&amp;#039;&eacute;ruption. La pierre ponce rhyolitique est g&eacute;n&eacute;ralement de densit&eacute; suffisamment faible pour flotter sur l&amp;#039;eau. Pr&egrave;s d&amp;#039;un &eacute;vent, la pierre ponce chaude peut s&amp;#039;accumuler et former un c&ocirc;ne de pierre ponce.&lt;\/div&gt;\"  href=\"https:\/\/volcanofoundation.org\/fr\/glossary\/ponce-fr\/\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]'  tabindex='0' role='link'>ponce<\/a><\/strong> qui sert &agrave; fabriquer du mortier dans la construction et &agrave; polir les m&eacute;taux.<\/p>\n<p>La <strong>perlite<\/strong> est utilis&eacute;e pour fabriquer des c&eacute;ramiques et en horticulture.<\/p>\n<p>La <strong>diabase et le <a class=\"glossaryLink\"  aria-describedby=\"tt\"  data-cmtooltip=\"&lt;div class=glossaryItemTitle&gt;BASALTE&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;div class=glossaryItemBody&gt;Roche volcanique (ou lave) qui a pour caract&eacute;ristique d&amp;#039;&ecirc;tre de couleur sombre (gris &agrave; noir), de contenir 45 &agrave; 53 % de silice et d&amp;#039;&ecirc;tre riche en fer et en magn&eacute;sium. Les laves basaltiques sont plus fluides que les and&eacute;sites ou les dacites, qui contiennent plus de silice.&lt;\/div&gt;\"  href=\"https:\/\/volcanofoundation.org\/fr\/glossary\/basalte-fr\/\"  data-gt-translate-attributes='[{\"attribute\":\"data-cmtooltip\", \"format\":\"html\"}]'  tabindex='0' role='link'>basalte<\/a> concass&eacute;<\/strong> sont utilis&eacute;s dans les routes, comme ballast pour les chemins de fer, en granul&eacute;s pour les toitures ou dans les brise-lames.<\/p>\n<p>Chaque zone volcanique et chaque terrain sont &eacute;tudi&eacute;s pour analyser les possibilit&eacute;s d&rsquo;exploitation, car chaque partie du terrain est diff&eacute;rente, et de m&ecirc;me qu&rsquo;elle a des besoins diff&eacute;rents, elle a aussi des possibilit&eacute;s diff&eacute;rentes.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" 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sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\"\/><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-rb2oj-2190e217c81d766e3ba2d400df0f0d5c\">\n.flex_column.av-rb2oj-2190e217c81d766e3ba2d400df0f0d5c{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div class=\"flex_column av-rb2oj-2190e217c81d766e3ba2d400df0f0d5c av_one_third  avia-builder-el-9  el_after_av_one_third  avia-builder-el-last  flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding  column-top-margin\"><style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-jpwu71f1-d2475c56406b41567a0214e9b29dac24\">\n.avia-image-container.av-jpwu71f1-d2475c56406b41567a0214e9b29dac24 img.avia_image{\nbox-shadow:none;\n}\n.avia-image-container.av-jpwu71f1-d2475c56406b41567a0214e9b29dac24 .av-image-caption-overlay-center{\ncolor:#ffffff;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div class=\"avia-image-container av-jpwu71f1-d2475c56406b41567a0214e9b29dac24 av-styling- avia-align-center  avia-builder-el-10  avia-builder-el-no-sibling \" itemprop=\"image\" itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\"><div class=\"avia-image-container-inner\"><div class=\"avia-image-overlay-wrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" fetchpriority=\"high\" class=\"wp-image-16713 avia-img-lazy-loading-not-16713 avia_image \" src=\"https:\/\/volcanofoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/volcano-foundation-news-05-1030x579.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"volcano-foundation-news-05\" height=\"579\" width=\"1030\" itemprop=\"thumbnailUrl\" srcset=\"https:\/\/volcanofoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/volcano-foundation-news-05-1030x579.jpg 1030w, https:\/\/volcanofoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/volcano-foundation-news-05-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/volcanofoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/volcano-foundation-news-05-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/volcanofoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/volcano-foundation-news-05-1536x864.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/volcanofoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/volcano-foundation-news-05-1500x844.jpg 1500w, https:\/\/volcanofoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/volcano-foundation-news-05-705x397.jpg 705w, https:\/\/volcanofoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/volcano-foundation-news-05-1200x675.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/volcanofoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/volcano-foundation-news-05.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1030px) 100vw, 1030px\"\/><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Les volcans repr&eacute;sentent un danger pour les habitants des environs, mais ils peuvent &eacute;galement constituer une m&eacute;thode de subsistance.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":16713,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[331,330],"tags":[679],"doc_authors":[],"doc_languages":[],"class_list":["post-16793","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-biodiversite-et-culture","category-tout","tag-biodiversity-fr"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/volcanofoundation.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16793","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/volcanofoundation.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/volcanofoundation.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/volcanofoundation.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/8"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/volcanofoundation.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=16793"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/volcanofoundation.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16793\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/volcanofoundation.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/16713"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/volcanofoundation.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16793"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/volcanofoundation.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=16793"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/volcanofoundation.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=16793"},{"taxonomy":"doc_authors","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/volcanofoundation.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/doc_authors?post=16793"},{"taxonomy":"doc_languages","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/volcanofoundation.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/doc_languages?post=16793"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}